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More Verb Forms

Gerunds Gerunds are verbs ending in -ing that act as nouns
  • She likes/loves/enjoys walking.

No matter which verb (likes/loves/enjoys) you choose, the tense must fit with the direct object (walking, which is a gerund).

Infinitives Infinitives are the basic form of the verb and usually have the word “to” in front of them
  • She likes/loves to walk.
Subjunctive The subjunctive represents a mood, rather than a tense. It is used to indicate when something is desired or imagined.  The verb remains in its base form but follows a request, demand, wish, or hypothetical.
  • It is advised that he remain in bed while recovering. 
  • We insist that Maria come with you to dinner.

The to be verb always takes the form were and is used in hypotheticals.

  • If I were rich, I would donate more money.
  • If she were not so far away, we could see each other more. 
Notes Some verbs CANNOT take an infinitive but MUST be followed by a gerund.
  • Verbs with an -ing ending:
    • avoid losing
    • finish studying
    • feel like going

Generally, go on cannot take an infinitive, but there are constructions that will allow it:

  • Don’t go on shirking your duty. (a continuing action)
  • You can go on to succeed. (an action in the future)

Remember to use the possessive with the gerund.

  • No words could excuse his acting like a boor.
  • With practice his coding improved rapidly.

 

 

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